Geophysical classification is a method used to tell the difference between buried military munitions and harmless metal objects, such as scrap metal or debris, without having to dig up every item. After metal objects are detected underground, advanced sensors collect additional information about their size, shape, depth, and material. This information helps experts identify which objects are likely to be hazardous munitions and which can safely remain in the ground. By reducing unnecessary excavations, geophysical classification makes munitions response projects safer, faster, and more cost-effective.
Geophysical Classification for Munitions Response (GCMR-2, 2015) explains how geophysical classification works, when it is most effective, and the factors that can limit its use. The guidance describes the planning, data collection, quality assurance, and decision-making processes needed to successfully use the technology, while also helping regulators evaluate its application. It also discusses stakeholder considerations that are unique to munitions response projects and emphasizes using a systematic planning process from the beginning of a project to improve the quality and defensibility of results.
For readers looking for a basic introduction to the topic, the companion document Geophysical Classification for Munitions Response Fact Sheets (GCMR-1, 2012) provides an overview of the key concepts and terminology. Also, the current Underwater Munitions Team will develop related guidance on the detection, classification, recovery, and disposal of underwater munitions and explosives of concern.
Topic(s): Advanced Site Characterization, Geophysical Methods, Munitions Response, Site Characterization, Unexploded Ordnance (UXO)
