This guidance document provides a comprehensive defensible framework for establishing and using soil background in risk assessments.

This guidance provides practitioners with recommendations for planning, collecting, processing, and interpreting incremental samples to obtain more representative and reproducible data.

Clarification of information in Incremental Sampling Methodology (ISM-1, 2012) that is outdated, inconsistent, or potentially misleading. Please review this statement before reading the ISM-1 document.

Evaluates the performance of incremental sampling methodology, explains sampling design and laboratory considerations, and discusses its applicability to different contaminants and site conditions.