2016-12-08
(IC-1)
This guidance focuses on long-term contaminant management using institutional controls (ICs). ICs are a form of land use controls (LUCs) that provide protection from exposure to contaminants on a site. While ICs consist of administrative or legal restrictions on a site, LUCs can also use physical measures, which are called engineering controls (ECs). In contrast to ECs, ICs are primarily government controls, proprietary controls, enforcement or permit mechanisms, and informational devices. In many states ICs are approved as part of a remedy. The IC may be the sole remedy or may be used in conjunction with other remedies or ECs. The protectiveness of the IC depends on management elements that ensure its integrity throughout its life cycle. When the critical elements of an IC are jeopardized, or fail, direct impact to human health and the environment can occur.